Rashtrapati Bhavan (President House Of India)
The splendour of the
Rashtrapati Bhavan is multi-dimensional.
It is a vast mansion and its
architecture is breathtaking.
More than these, it has a hallowed existence in
the annals of democracy for being the residence of the President of the largest
democracy in the world.
Few official residential premises of the Head of the
State in the world will match the Rashtrapati Bhavan in terms of its size,
vastness and its magnificence.
The
present day Rashtrapati Bhavan was the erstwhile residence of the British
Viceroy. Its architect was Edwin Landseer Lutyens. The decision to build a
residence in New Delhi for the British Viceroy was taken after it was decided
in the Delhi Durbar of 1911 that the capital of India would be shifted from
Calcutta to Delhi in the same year. It was constructed to affirm the permanence
of British rule in India. This building gave the impression, in the words of a
critique, the setting of a perpetual Durbar.
The building and its
surroundings were supposed to be 'an empire in stone', 'exercising imperial
sway' and containing in it, "the abode of a disinterested elite whose rule
was imposed from above". That 'empire in stone' and the perpetual Durbar was
transformed to be the permanent institution of democracy on 26th January 1950
when Dr. Rajendra Prasad became the first President of India and occupied this
building to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of India. It was from
that day that this building was renamed as Rashtrapati Bhavan - the President's
House.
Apart
from Edwin Lutyens, the Chief architect and Chief Engineer Hugh Keeling there
were many Indian contractors who were involved in the construction of this
building. While a Muslim contractor Haroun-al-Rashid did most of the work of
the main building the forecourt was built by Sujan Singh and his son Sobha
Singh. Surprisingly the names of these Indians did not find a place in the
official biography of Lutyens.
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